FRIB designed, built, and now operates the world’s most powerful heavy-ion linear accelerator, advancing nuclear science in service to the nation. Leveraging machine learning to optimize performance, the accelerator can propel beams of heavy ions—including uranium—into a production target, where their collisions create rare isotopes. FRIB’s advanced design also allows it to accelerate up to five charge states of the same beam simultaneously, increasing efficiency and experimental output.

Accelerator science at FRIB addresses key challenges in heavy-ion accelerators and drives technological advancements that benefit the broader community and society. At the same time, it provides opportunities to train the next-generation workforce in high-demand accelerator science and engineering fields, which ensures continued innovation in this critical area.

Low-beta superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) particle acceleration

FRIB is the first heavy-ion linac to operate low-beta SRF resonators at a temperature of 2 kelvin (K). FRIB has the capability for in-house mass production of cold masses and cryomodules, which better support the lifecycle of the resonators. FRIB also developed multiple technologies, including plasma processing, electro-polishing, and electron-beam welding, to enhance resonator performance. Additionally, a quarter-wave SRF electron gun is being developed for SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's LCLS-II-HE project. 

Large-scale high-efficiency helium liquefaction

FRIB’s integrated design of the helium liquefaction, distribution, and cryomodule systems is key to energy-efficient and reliable operations. FRIB has designed and developed cryogenic system functions (helium recovery, purification, distribution), along with in-house design and fabrication capabilities for small- to large-scale components, including transfer lines, distribution systems, and cold boxes. At FRIB, world-leading researchers and system designers collaborate to advance cryogenic technologies and sustain a knowledge base of cryogenic technology and skills. 

Given the national need for cryogenic engineers to support advanced research, energy, and aerospace systems, the MSU Cryogenic Initiative—a collaboration between FRIB and the MSU College of Engineering—was created to meet that demand. The program combines classroom education with hands-on training using cutting-edge cryogenic systems, preparing students for careers in this critical and growing field.

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