Beams

FRIB offers fast, stopped, and reaccelerated rare-isotope beams from the FRIB linac. Rare-isotope beams are produced from a primary beam that impinges on a target. In addition, FRIB offers stable and long-lived radioactive beams that may be run at ReA3, ReA6, or the stopped beam area in stand-alone mode (that is, not coupled to the FRIB linac).

FRIB primary beams

Demonstrated

Element 

Energy (MeV/u) 

Beam current
on FRIB target
(particle nA) 

36Ar 210 650
40Ar 200 562
48Ca 217 385
70Zn 173 80
86Kr 140 253
82Se 165 70
124Xe 227 172
198Pt 186 50

 

Available

Element 

Energy (MeV/u) 

Beam current
on FRIB target
(particle nA) 

36Ar 290 479
40Ar 262 477
48Ca 242 356
70Zn 241 94
64Zn 254 78
78Kr 254 252
86Kr 230 253
82Se 227 150
124Xe 228 177
198Pt 188 55
208Pb 184 94
209Bi 186 93


Under development

Element 

Energy (MeV/u) 

Beam current
on FRIB target
(particle nA) 

16O 290 1078
18O 258 1077
22Ne 264 861
58Ni 270  
64Ni 245  
70Ge 249  
144Sm 215  
92Mo 247  
238U 174 25

 

Rare isotope beam rates

Rare isotope beam rates used in proposals must be calculated by an FRIB beam physicist. Please contact the FRIB Manager for User Relations with the isotope for which you would like the rate and purity calculated, and the Manager for User Relations will make the request to the FRIB beam physics group. An approximate estimate can be obtained from the calculator.

For further information on how rates are calculated:

  • LISE++ tutorial: Making 64Cr. This PDF shows an example of developing — in simulation — a rare-isotope beam at FRIB. It shows some options to optimize the beam for either higher rate or higher purity.

Beam list for stand-alone operation at ReA3, ReA6, or Stopped Beam Area

The following list includes stable and long-lived radioactive beams that may be run at ReA3, ReA6, or the stopped beam area in stand-alone mode (that is, not coupled to the FRIB linac).

Please note that beams of long-lived and rare stable isotopes are subject to availability of material at the time of the experiment.

Z

Element

A

Maximum intensity
(pps) **

Q

Maximum energy
ReA3 (MeV/u)

Maximum energy
ReA6 (MeV/u)

Half-life ***

1

H

1

1.0E+10

1

6.0

12.0

2

He

3

1.0E+08

1

4.0

8.0

4

1.0E+08

2

6.0

12.0

4

1.0E+10

1

3.0

6.0

3

Li

6

1.0E+07

2

4.0

8.0

7

1.0E+07

3

5.1

10.3

4

Be

7

5.0E+05

3

5.1

10.3

53 days

9

1.0E+07

4

5.3

10.7

10

5.0E+05

4

4.8

9.6

1.5x10^6 years

5

B

10

1.0E+06

4

4.8

9.6

11

2.6E+06

5

5.5

10.9

6

C

12

1.0E+08

5

5.0

10.0

13

1.0E+08

6

5.5

11.1

7

N

14

1.0E+08

6

5.1

10.3

15

1.0E+08

7

5.6

11.2

8

O

16

1.0E+08

7

5.3

10.5

17

1.0E+05

8

5.6

11.3

18

1.0E+07

8

5.3

10.7

9

F

19

1.0E+06

9

5.7

11.4

10

Ne

20

1.0E+09

9

5.4

10.8

 

 

 

21

1.0E+06

10

5.7

11.4

 

 

 

22

1.0E+06

10

5.5

10.9

 

11

Na

23

1.0E+07

11

5.7

11.5

 

12

Mg

24

1.0E+07

11

5.5

11.0

 

 

 

25

1.0E+07

11

5.3

10.6

 

 

 

26

1.0E+07

11

5.1

10.2

 

13

Al

26

1.0E+06

12

5.5

11.1

7x10^5 years

 

 

27

1.0E+08

12

5.3

10.7

 

14

Si

28

1.0E+07

13

5.6

11.1

 

 

 

29

1.0E+07

13

5.4

10.8

 

 

 

30

1.0E+07

13

5.2

10.4

 

 

 

32

1.0E+06

13

4.9

9.8

153 years

15

P

31

1.0E+07

14

5.4

10.8

 

 

 

33

1.0E+06

14

5.1

10.2

25 days

16

S

32

1.0E+06

15

5.6

11.3

 

 

 

33

1.0E+07

14

5.1

10.2

 

 

 

34

1.0E+07

14

4.9

9.9

 

 

 

36

1.0E+05

14

4.7

9.3

 

17

Cl

35

1.0E+07

15

5.1

10.3

 

 

 

37

1.0E+07

15

4.9

9.7

 

18

Ar

36

1.0E+07

16

5.3

10.7

 

 

 

38

1.0E+05

16

5.1

10.1

 

 

 

40

1.0E+07

16

4.8

9.6

 

19

K

39

1.0E+07

17

5.2

10.5

 

 

 

41

1.0E+07

17

5.0

10.0

 

20

Ca

40

1.0E+06

19

5.7

11.4

 

 

 

41

1.0E+04

17

5.0

10.0

99,400 years

 

 

42

1.0E+06

17

4.9

9.7

 

 

 

43

1.0E+06

18

5.0

10.0

 

 

 

44

1.0E+06

18

4.9

9.8

 

 

 

46

1.0E+06

18

4.7

9.4

 

 

 

48

1.0E+06

17

4.3

8.5

 

22

Ti

46

1.0E+06

20

5.2

10.4

 

 

 

47

1.0E+06

20

5.1

10.2

 

 

 

48

1.0E+06

19

4.8

9.5

 

 

 

49

1.0E+06

20

4.9

9.8

 

 

 

50

1.0E+06

20

4.8

9.6

 

23

V

48

1.0E+03

22

5.5

11.0

15 days

 

 

49

1.0E+06

20

4.9

9.8

330 days

 

 

50

1.0E+06

21

5.0

10.1

 

 

 

51

1.0E+06

21

4.9

9.9

 

24

Cr

50

1.0E+06

22

5.3

10.6

 

 

 

52

1.0E+06

22

5.1

10.2

 

 

 

53

1.0E+06

22

5.0

10.0

 

 

 

54

1.0E+06

22

4.9

9.8

 

26

Fe

54

1.0E+06

24

5.3

10.7

 

 

 

55

1.0E+06

24

5.2

10.5

2.7 years

 

 

56

1.0E+06

23

4.9

9.9

 

 

 

57

1.0E+06

24

5.1

10.1

 

 

 

58

1.0E+06

24

5.0

9.9

 

 

 

59

1.0E+03

24

4.9

9.8

44 days

 

 

60

1.0E+04

25

5.0

10.0

2.6x10^6 years

28

Ni

56

1.0E+04

24

5.1

10.3

6 days

 

 

58

1.0E+06

26

5.4

10.8

 

 

 

60

1.0E+06

26

5.2

10.4

 

 

 

61

1.0E+06

26

5.1

10.2

 

 

 

62

1.0E+06

26

5.0

10.1

 

 

 

64

1.0E+06

26

4.9

9.8

 

29

Cu

63

1.0E+06

26

5.0

9.9

 

 

 

65

1.0E+06

27

5.0

10.0

 

30

Zn

64

1.0E+06

27

5.1

10.1

 

 

 

66

1.0E+06

28

5.1

10.2

 

 

 

67

1.0E+06

28

5.0

10.0

 

 

 

68

1.0E+06

28

4.9

9.9

 

 

 

70

1.0E+05

28

4.8

9.6

 

31

Ga

69

1.0E+06

29

5.0

10.1

 

 

 

71

1.0E+06

29

4.9

9.8

 

32

Ge

70

1.0E+06

29

5.0

9.9

 

 

 

72

1.0E+06

29

4.8

9.7

 

 

 

73

1.0E+06

29

4.8

9.5

 

 

 

74

1.0E+06

29

4.7

9.4

 

 

 

76

1.0E+06

29

4.6

9.2

 

33

As

73

1.0E+06

29

4.8

9.5

80 days

 

 

75

1.0E+05

29

4.6

9.3

 

34

Se

74

1.0E+05

32

5.2

10.4

 

 

 

76

1.0E+06

32

5.1

10.1

 

 

 

77

1.0E+06

32

5.0

10.0

 

 

 

78

1.0E+06

32

4.9

9.8

 

 

 

80

1.0E+06

32

4.8

9.6

 

 

 

82

1.0E+06

32

4.7

9.4

 

35

Br

79

1.0E+06

32

4.9

9.7

 

 

 

81

1.0E+06

32

4.7

9.5

 

36

Kr

78

1.0E+07

32

4.9

9.8

 

 

 

80

1.0E+07

32

4.8

9.6

 

 

 

82

1.0E+07

32

4.7

9.4

 

 

 

83

1.0E+07

32

4.6

9.3

 

 

 

84

1.0E+07

32

4.6

9.1

 

 

 

86

1.0E+07

32

4.5

8.9

 

37

Rb

83

1.0E+05

32

4.6

9.3

86.2 days

 

 

85

1.0E+07

32

4.5

9.0

 

 

 

87

4.0E+06

32

4.4

8.8

 

38

Sr

84

1.0E+06

32

4.6

9.1

 

 

 

86

1.0E+06

32

4.5

8.9

 

 

 

87

1.0E+06

32

4.4

8.8

 

 

 

88

1.0E+06

32

4.4

8.7

 

46

Pd

102

1.0E+06

39

4.6

9.2

 

 

 

104

1.0E+06

38

4.4

8.8

 

 

 

105

1.0E+06

39

4.5

8.9

 

 

 

106

1.0E+06

39

4.4

8.8

 

 

 

108

1.0E+06

39

4.3

8.7

 

 

 

110

1.0E+06

39

4.3

8.5

 

47

Ag

107

1.0E+06

40

4.5

9.0

 

 

 

109

1.0E+06

39

4.3

8.6

 

48

Cd

106

1.0E+06

41

4.6

9.3

 

 

 

108

1.0E+06

41

4.6

9.1

 

 

 

110

1.0E+06

41

4.5

8.9

 

 

 

111

1.0E+06

41

4.4

8.9

 

 

 

112

1.0E+06

41

4.4

8.8

 

 

 

113

1.0E+06

41

4.4

8.7

 

 

 

114

1.0E+06

41

4.3

8.6

 

 

 

116

1.0E+06

41

4.2

8.5

 

49

In

113

1.0E+06

42

4.5

8.9

 

 

 

115

1.0E+06

42

4.4

8.8

 

50

Sn

112

1.0E+06

43

4.6

9.2

 

 

 

114

1.0E+06

43

4.5

9.1

 

 

 

115

1.0E+06

43

4.5

9.0

 

 

 

116

1.0E+06

43

4.4

8.9

 

 

 

117

1.0E+06

43

4.4

8.8

 

 

 

118

1.0E+06

43

4.4

8.7

 

 

 

119

1.0E+06

43

4.3

8.7

 

 

 

120

1.0E+06

43

4.3

8.6

 

 

 

122

1.0E+06

43

4.2

8.5

 

 

 

124

1.0E+06

43

4.2

8.3

 

51

Sb

121

1.0E+06

44

4.4

8.7

 

 

 

123

1.0E+06

44

4.3

8.6

 

52

Te

120

1.0E+06

44

4.4

8.8

 

 

 

122

1.0E+06

45

4.4

8.9

 

 

 

123

1.0E+06

45

4.4

8.8

 

 

 

124

1.0E+06

45

4.4

8.7

 

 

 

125

1.0E+06

45

4.3

8.6

 

 

 

126

1.0E+06

45

4.3

8.6

 

 

 

128

1.0E+06

45

4.2

8.4

 

 

 

130

1.0E+06

45

4.2

8.3

 

53

I

127

1.0E+06

46

4.3

8.7

 

54

Xe

124

1.0E+06

47

4.5

9.1

 

 

 

126

1.0E+06

47

4.5

9.0

 

 

 

128

1.0E+06

47

4.4

8.8

 

 

 

129

1.0E+06

47

4.4

8.7

 

 

 

130

1.0E+06

47

4.3

8.7

 

 

 

131

1.0E+06

47

4.3

8.6

 

 

 

132

1.0E+06

47

4.3

8.5

 

 

 

134

1.0E+06

47

4.2

8.4

 

 

 

136

1.0E+06

47

4.1

8.3

 

55

Cs

133

1.0E+06

47

4.2

8.5

 

 
** Intensities are quoted for the charge states indicated. Intensities can vary with the charge state and energy.

  • Higher energies for heavy isotopes can be obtained with reduced intensity.

  • Higher intensities may be obtained by choosing a lower charge state than indicated, which would also come at a lower energy.

  • Please contact the Manager for User Relations for a specific energy or beam intensity.

*** Half-lives are given for the long-lived isotopes. Isotopes with no half-lives given are stable.